PHY 101 Week 5 Individual Assignment Texbook Exercises

PHY 101 Week 5 Individual Assignment Texbook Exercises

Chapter 22: 2/6

#2: Suppose that the changes attracting each other in the preceding problem have equal magnitude. Rearrange Coulomb’s law and show that the magnitude of each charge is 2.8x10^-6C (2.8 microcoulombs).

Chapter 23: 2/4

#2: The wattage marked on a light bulb is not an inherent property of the bulb, but depends on the voltage to which it is connected, usually 110 or 120v. How many amperes flow through a 60-w bulb connected in a 120-v circuit?

#4: Using the formula power=current x voltage, find the current drawn by a 1200-w toaster connected to 120 v. Then using the method from the previous problem, show that the resistance of the toaster is 12ohms

Chapter 24 Exercise 10, 18, 24

#10: What is different about the magnetic poles of common refrigerator magnets and those of common bar magnets

#18: What is the net magnetic force on a compass needle? By what mechanism does a compass needle align with a magnetic field

#24: Magnet A has twice the magnetic field strength of magnet B ( at equal distance) and , at a certain distance, it pulls on magnet B with a force of 50 N. With how much force then, does Magnet B pull on Magnet A?

Chapter 25: 2/4

#2: An ideal transformer has 50 turns in its primary and 250 turns in its secondary. 12 V ac is connected to the primary

#4: Neon signs require about 12,000 v for their operation. What should be the ratio of the number of loops in the secondary to the number of loops in primary for a neon-sign transformer that operates from 120-v lines?


Preview of solution:


Chapter 22: Electrostatics
8)         When combing your hair, you scuff electrons from your hair onto the comb. Is your hair then positively or negatively charged? How about the comb?
            Becomes positively charged hair, comb becomes negatively charged; Then, the electrons go comb your hair more electrons from a material as a negative.18) It is relatively easy to strip the outer electrons from a heavy atom like that of uranium (which then becomes a uranium ion), but it is very difficult to remove the inner electrons. Why do you suppose this is so?
            Outer electrons are loosely connected to the core, because of the greater distance from the core, so that they can be easily removed. In the case of internal electrons, the opposite is true. It is more closely because their nearest the core, so that it is more difficult to remove them.
52)       You are not harmed by contact with a charged metal ball, even though its voltage may be very high. Is the reason similar to why you are not harmed by the greater than 1000ºC sparks from a Fourth of July sparkler? Defend your answer in terms of the energies that are involved.
            -Yes, The amount of energy involved is very small in both cases, the reason is because, similar.
Chapter 23: Electric Current
46)       In the circuit shown, how do the brightnesses of the identical lightbulbs compare? Which bulb draws the most current? What will happen if Bulb A is unscrewed? If Bulb C is unscrewed?
            Lamp brightness bulb A and B are the same, while the lamp is twice C or B C lamp bulb attracts more recent. When unscrewed A bulb, bulb C glow as it had not light bulb B. If C unscrewed bulb, bulb A and B. bulb shine with the same brightness.
 Chapter 24: Magnetism
15)       One way to make a compass is to stick a magnetized needle into a piece of cork and float it in a glass bowl full of water. The needle will align itself with the horizontal component of Earth’s magnetic field. Since the north pole of this compass is attracted northward, will the needle float toward the north side of the bowl? Defend your answer.
            In the direction of the needle pointing toward the north; Injection of spare time to work on the remaining balance each other because, although it is not possible to move toward the north side.
43)       In a mass spectrometer, ions are directed into a magnetic field, where they curve and strike a detector. If a variety of singly ionized atoms travel at the same speed through the magnetic field, would you expect them all to be deflected by the same amount, or would different ions be bent different amounts? Defend your answers.
            - The deflection of ions by magnetic fields depends solely on their charge / mass. This is different for different ions.

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Phy 101 week 2 individual assignment textbook exerices

Phy 101 week 2 individual assignment textbook exercise

Chapter 2: 36, 39 & 47

36. As you stand on a floor, does the floor exert an upward force against your feet? How much force does it exert? Why are you not moved upward by this force?

39. In order to slide a heavy cabinet across the floor at constant speed, you exert a horizontal force of 600 N. Is the force of friction between the cabinet and the floor greater than, less than, or equal to 600 N?

47. The smokestack of a stationary toy train consists of a vertical spring gun that shoots a steel ball a meter or so straight into the air—so straight that the ball always falls back into the smokestack. Suppose the train moves at constant speed along the straight track. Do you think the ball will still return to the smokestack if shot from the moving train? What if the train gains speed along the straight track? What if it moves at a constant speed on a circular track? Why do your answers differ?

Chapter 11: 1, 3 & 10

1. How many types of atoms can you expect to find in a pure sample of any element?

3. When a container of gas is heated, what happens to the average speed of its molecules?

10. Your friend says that what makes one element distinct from another is the number of electrons about the atomic nucleus. Do you agree wholeheartedly, partially, or not at all?

Chapter 12: 2

2. Your friend says that the primary difference between a solid and a liquid is the kind of atoms in the material. Do you agree or disagree, and why?

Chapter 13: 3 & 57

3. Which is more likely to hurt—being stepped on by a 200-lb man wearing loafers or being stepped on by a 100-lb woman wearing high heels?

57. In the hydraulic arrangement shown in Figure 13.22, the multiplication of force is equal to the ratio of the areas of the large and small pistons. Some people are surprised to learn that the area of the liquid surface in the reservoir of the arrangement shown in Figure 13.23 is immaterial. What is your explanation to resolve this confusion?

Chapter 14: 12, 25 & 28

12. Why do you suppose that airplane windows are smaller than bus windows?

25. Why is it so difficult to breathe when snorkeling at a depth of 1 m and practically impossible at a 2-m depth? Why can’t a diver simply breathe through a hose that extends to the surface?

28. Why does the weight of an object in air differ from its weight in a vacuum (remembering that weight is the force exerted against a supporting surface)? Cite an example in which this would be an important consideration


Preview of solution:

Chapter 6: Momentum (Questions 8, 20, 58, and 60)
8.)        When a person falling feet-first hits concrete, they stop falling immediately; when a person hits soil, they almost stop immediately but the soil has a little give; and when a person hits water, the person is gradually slowed down by the water but not immediately stopped.  The ability to survive the impact of a feet-first fall depends on the type of surface that the person hits.  A surface that immediately stops the falling person allows no give, permitting for a slower speed value in surviving the fall.  A surface that gradually slows down the falling person allows a give, permitting for a faster speed value in surviving the fall.
20.)      A baseball catcher’s mitt has more padding because the catcher is constantly catching a baseball that is being thrown by the pitcher at excessive speeds over and over.  In order to cushion the constant impacts of the baseball being thrown, the catcher’s mitt must have a larger amount of padding than a conventional glove.
58.)      In order for the billiard ball to fully come to a stop on impact, the ball must transmit all of its kinetic angular momentum to the ball at rest.  Since a billiard ball traveling at an angle is not capable to transmit all of its kinetic energy to the ball at rest, it is incapable to wholly come to a stop on impact.
60.)      I agree with the first friend saying that it is related to the negative momentum of the golf ball after the collision with the bowling ball, because of the Law of Conservation of Momentum.  Since the initial momentum of the golf ball was in one direction, moving in the reverse direction after impact acquires negative momentum with recognition to the bowling ball’s momentum.  To counterbalance the negative momentum, the bowling ball’s momentum must be larger than the initial momentum of the golf ball.     
Chapter 7: Energy (Questions 14, 36, 42, 56, and 57)
14.)      When flexible fiberglass poles were first inserted into the sport of pole vaulting, it forced pole vaulters to alter their form to best fit the elastic potential energy of the new poles in comparison to the non-flexible stiff wooden pools that were previously used.
36.)      Work is force multiplied by distance.  The decreased force is compensated by a larger distance, therefore, the lever of the jack has to be shifted upward and downward numerous times.
42.)      The terminal speed of both balls is the same whether it was thrown downward or upward from the rooftop.  Once terminal speed is attained, falling a further distance does not affect the speed of either ball.
56.)      Momentum would be conserved if a single ball popped out with twice the initial speed.  Since kinetic energy equals 1/2mv², this circumstance would cause .0.the final kinetic energy twice as much as the initial kinetic energy.  For that reason, this does not happen.
57.)      No.  Energy is never lost.  By wasting energy, the machine is not as proficient at converting input into work as it could be.  Normally, the energy is converted into friction or heat and is considered as a loss, although, the total amount of energy is equal. 

PHY 101 Week 4 Learning Team Assignment Textbook Exercises

Chapter 19

            4. A weight suspended from a spring is seen to bob up and down over a distance of 20 cm twice each second. What is its frequency? Its period? Its amplitude?

6. On a keyboard, you strike middle C, whose frequency is 256 Hz.

(a) What is the period of one vibration of this tone?

(b) As the sound leaves the instrument at a speed of 340 m/s, what is its wavelength in air?

Chapter 20

            2. For years, marine scientists were mystified by sound waves detected by underwater microphones in the Pacific Ocean. These so-called T-waves were among the purest sounds in nature. Eventually they traced the source to underwater volcanoes, whose rising columns of bubbles resonated like organ pipes. What is the wavelength of a typical T-wave whose frequency is 7 Hz? (The speed of sound in seawater is 1530 m/s.)

4. A bat flying in a cave emits a sound and receives its echo 0.1 s later. Show that its distance from the cave wall is 19 m

Chapter 26

         4. Show that it would take 2.5 s for a pulse of laser light to reach the Moon and to bounce back to Earth

6. A ball with the same diameter as a light bulb is held halfway between the bulb and a wall, as shown in the sketch. Construct light rays (similar to those in Figure 26.14) and show that the diameter of the umbra on the wall is the same as the diameter of the ball and that the diameter of the penumbra is 3 times the diameter of the ball

         2. Show with a simple diagram that when a mirror with a fixed beam incident upon it is rotated through a                     certain angle, the reflected beam is rotated through an angle twice as large. (This doubling of displacement                  makes irregularities in ordinary window glass more evident.)

       4. When light strikes glass perpendicularly, about 4% is reflected at each surface. Show that 92% of light is                      transmitted through a pane of window glass

              

Preview of solution:

Chapter 19 (Questions 12 and 36)
 
12.)      If a wad of clay is placed on the free end of a clamped hacksaw blade, the vibration frequency of the blade,  ???  suspension point and since the distance between the suspension point and the center of gravity or mass increases which increase the moment of inertia, decreases. This will increase the period duration and the frequency decreases. A wad of clay, stuck in the middle of the blade will not displace the center of gravity as much  XXX  is the same, since so the system does not change will decrease the resonance frequency less. Thus, you cannot change the duration and frequency. XXX
 
36.)      Due to the relative motion between the source and listener, the sound standard because of a change in the pitch of the sound is clear and when the listener is in motion, there is a Doppler effect. The listener to hear the sound of a low frequency to high frequency sound to move toward the left. ??????
 
When moving toward the sound the listener will encounter each wave faster than he would if he were stationary and vice versa. In order to hear a higher frequency the listener needs to move towards to the sound. To hear a low frequency the listener has to move away from the sound.
 
Chapter 20 (Questions 16, 21, and 23)
 
16.)      When air is pumped out of the jar it creates a vacuum; that is, a region devoid of matter.  Sound waves need the air as a medium to travel in, therefore we cannot hear the bell ring. While the differences in the properties of light and sound waves ??? sound  XXX light waves do not need any medium, which indicates that their spread will require a medium. so it is possible to see the bell ring.
 
21.)      It is the sound of a low temperature, ??? 
 
because cold air molecules travels slower. they will take longer to collide.  Warm air has a high temperature, so the molecules are moving faster and will hit and push each other around sooner.  and thus, the sound velocity is higher.
 
23.)      Speed of sound in air, heat, and are not affected by other conditions, if sound distortion cannot be. This is because the sound distortion that occurs when there is a change of medium. ?????????  No. Refraction occurs due to sound traveling at a different speeds in various different places -- such as places on the sound wave fronts moving at different speeds due to environmental conditions. Without such changes in sound speed there would be no refraction.onlinehomeworkexperts@gmail.com

Phy 101 week 1 individual assignment textbook exercises

Phy 101 week 1 individual assignment textbook exercises

Chapter 3

20. Suppose that the three balls shown in Exercise 19 start simultaneously from the tops of the hills. Which one reaches the bottom first? Explain

22. Which is greater, an acceleration from 25 km/h to 30 km/h or one from 96 km/h to 100 km/h if both occur during the same time?

Chapter 4

14. Gravity on the surface of the Moon is only 1/6 as strong as gravity on Earth. What is the weight of a 10-kg object on the Moon and on Earth? What is its mass on each?

18. A grocery bag can withstand 300 N of force before it rips apart. How many kilograms of apples can it safely hold?

Chapter 5

14. If you exert a horizontal force of 200 N to slide a crate across a factory floor at constant velocity, how much friction is exerted by the floor on the crate? Is the force of friction equal and oppositely directed to your 200 N push? If the force of friction isn’t the reaction force to your push, what is?

Chapter 6

8. A person can survive a feet-first impact at a speed of about 12 m/s (27 mi/h) on concrete; 15 m/s (34 mi/h) on soil; and 34 m/s (76 mi/h) on water. Why the different values for different surfaces?

20. Why does a baseball catcher’s mitt have more padding than a conventional glove?

Chapter 7

14. Explain how “elastic potential energy” dramatically changed the sport of pole vaulting when flexible fiberglass poles replaced stiffer wooden poles

36. When the girl in Figure 7.16 jacks up a car, how can applying so little force produce sufficient force to raise the car?

 Chapter 9

12. An apple falls because of the gravitational attraction to Earth. How does the gravitational attraction of Earth to the apple compare? (Does force change when you interchange m1 and m2 in the equation for gravity— m2m1 instead of onlinehomeworkexperts@gmail.com m1 m2?

22. The planet Jupiter is more than 300 times as massive as Earth, so it might seem that a body on the surface of Jupiter would weigh 300 times as much as on Earth. But it so happens that a body would scarcely weigh 3 times as much on the surface of Jupiter as it would on the surface of Earth. Can you think of an explanation for why this is so? (Hint: Let the terms in the equation for gravitationalforce guide your thinking.)

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PHY 101 Week 4 Learning Team Assignment Textbook Exercises

   

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Chapter 19

            4. A weight suspended from a spring is seen to bob up and down over a distance of 20 cm twice each second. What is its frequency? Its period? Its amplitude?

6. On a keyboard, you strike middle C, whose frequency is 256 Hz.

(a) What is the period of one vibration of this tone?

(b) As the sound leaves the instrument at a speed of 340 m/s, what is its wavelength in air?

Chapter 20

            2. For years, marine scientists were mystified by sound waves detected by underwater microphones in the Pacific Ocean. These so-called T-waves were among the purest sounds in nature. Eventually they traced the source to underwater volcanoes, whose rising columns of bubbles resonated like organ pipes. What is the wavelength of a typical T-wave whose frequency is 7 Hz? (The speed of sound in seawater is 1530 m/s.)

4. A bat flying in a cave emits a sound and receives its echo 0.1 s later. Show that its distance from the cave wall is 19 m

Chapter 26

            4. Show that it would take 2.5 s for a pulse of laser light to reach the Moon and to bounce back to Earth

6. A ball with the same diameter as a light bulb is held halfway between the bulb and a wall, as shown in the sketch. Construct light rays (similar to those in Figure 26.14) and show that the diameter of the umbra on the wall is the same as the diameter of the ball and that the diameter of the penumbra is 3 times the diameter of the ball

2. Show with a simple diagram that when a mirror with a fixed beam incident upon it is rotated through a certain angle, the reflected beam is rotated through an angle twice as large. (This doubling of displacement makes irregularities in ordinary window glass more evident.)

4. When light strikes glass perpendicularly, about 4% is reflected at each surface. Show that 92% of light is transmitted through a pane of window glass


Preview of solution:

Chapter 19 (Questions 12 and 36)

12.)      If a wad of clay is placed on the free end of a clamped hacksaw blade, the vibration frequency of the blade,  ???  suspension point and since the distance between the suspension point and the center of gravity or mass increases which increase the moment of inertia, decreases. This will increase the period duration and the frequency decreases. A wad of clay, stuck in the middle of the blade will not displace the center of gravity as much  XXX  is the same, since so the system does not change will decrease the resonance frequency less. Thus, you cannot change the duration and frequency. XXX

36.)      Due to the relative motion between the source and listener, the sound standard because of a change in the pitch of the sound is clear and when the listener is in motion, there is a Doppler effect. The listener to hear the sound of a low frequency to high frequency sound to move toward the left. ??????

When moving toward the sound the listener will encounter each wave faster than he would if he were stationary and vice versa. In order to hear a higher frequency the listener needs to move towards to the sound. To hear a low frequency the listener has to move away from the sound.

Chapter 20 (Questions 16, 21, and 23)

16.)      When air is pumped out of the jar it creates a vacuum; that is, a region devoid of matter.  Sound waves need the air as a medium to travel in, therefore we cannot hear the bell ring. While the differences in the properties of light and sound waves ??? sound  XXX light waves do not need any medium, which indicates that their spread will require a medium. so it is possible to see the bell ring.

21.)      It is the sound of a low temperature, ???

because cold air molecules travels slower. they will take longer to collide.  Warm air has a high temperature, so the molecules are moving faster and will hit and push each other around sooner.  and thus, the sound velocity is higher.

23.)      Speed of sound in air, heat, and are not affected by other conditions, if sound distortion cannot be. This is because the sound distortion that occurs when there is a change of medium. ?????????  No. Refraction occurs due to sound traveling at a different speeds in various different places -- such as places on the sound wave fronts moving at different speeds due to environmental conditions. Without such changes in sound speed there would be no refraction.

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